The main spare parts of the dryer section are dry fabrics and felt ropes. Damage and premature removal of dry fabrics are mostly caused by external and operational factors. Common faults include holes, edge cracking, local creasing, fabric wandering, and squeeze breakage. Except for unexpected and unavoidable failures, most of these problems can be prevented by careful and standardized operation.

Adaptability of Hydraulic Headboxes Hydraulic headboxes were developed alongside high-speed twin-wire paper machines. Owing to the short forming surface of twin-wire formers — in other words, the extremely short forming time of the paper web — the web is essentially "set" once the stock jet impinges on the wire. Therefore, the stock must be uniformly distributed within the headbox. High-efficiency, compact, laterally uniform single-inlet tapered headers and fixed homogenizing devices are commonly adopted. High-velocity stock flow generates intense micro-turbulence through cross-sectional or geometric changes of fixed elements, dispersing the stock suspension. With stable longitudinal flow and no cross currents inside a hydraulic headbox, the basis weight profile of the sheet can be adjusted by regulating the stock concentration of the header tubes, achieving better results than locally modifying the lip opening with 微调 rods. This is an advantage unattainable by roll-type headboxes. The jet velocity of a hydra

In paper production, the headbox is one of the most critical pieces of equipment that determines the quality of the paper’s fiber structure. It is responsible for achieving uniformity and controllability of paper properties. It directly affects the paper’s MD/CD strength ratio, tensile or breaking length, porosity, formation, and retention. The future development goals of papermaking — including continuous improvements in machine speed, efficiency, and paper quality — impose a series of requirements for the upgrading of existing headboxes. The operating performance of a headbox is closely related to paper machine speed and efficiency. At the same time, improvements in headbox performance should also be considered in combination with the quality of the paper’s fiber structure (uniformity of basis weight distribution and fiber orientation). Higher demands must also be placed on mechanical manufacturing under high-speed conditions. The development of headboxes has been driven by the continuous increase in paper

To solve the problem of shell hole blockage, it is first necessary to clarify the composition and source of the blockage.The grooves and small holes on the surface of the vacuum press roll are used to generate negative pressure during the pressing process, helping dewater the paper web and keep it close to the felt.However, during paper machine operation, fine fibers, fillers (such as calcium carbonate and talcum powder), and sizing agents (such as starch and latex) in the pulp may enter the holes and gradually accumulate over time, resulting in blockage.Such blockage reduces the vacuum effect, lowers dewatering efficiency, and even causes paper quality defects or web breaks.The blockage consists of both organic and inorganic substances. To maintain the good working condition of the vacuum press roll, routine cleaning of the paper machine is generally performed every 7–10 days, especially for black paper production.During cleaning, acidic and alkaline chemicals are sprayed onto the felt, and organic and